Nkhani

Tsatanetsatane wa Kumanga ndi Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS) ku Polluting Units

2025-11-26

I. Zofunikira pakuyika kwa Discharge Outlet

(1) Mabungwe omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi kasamalidwe kake pansi pa dongosolo la zilolezo zotayira zinthu zonyansa ayenera kukhazikitsa mwalamulo, kugwiritsira ntchito, ndi kusunga zida zowunikira kukhathamira kwa kuipitsidwa, zomwe zidzalumikizidwa ndi machitidwe oyang'anira oyang'anira odziwa zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe.

(2) Malo opangira malo otayira ayenera kugwirizana ndi zomwe zalembedwa pomaliza kuvomereza ndi kulembetsa malo owonetsetsa kuti awonongeke.

(3) Chidziwitso chachitetezo cha chilengedwe pamalo otulutsiramo zinthu zimayenera kutsatira zomwe GB 15562.1.

II. Zofunikira pakumanga kwa Monitoring Station Building

(1) Nyumba yodziyimira payokha idzaperekedwa kuti ikhazikitse panja pa CEMS, mtunda wapakati pa siteshoni ndi malo ochitira zitsanzo osapitirira 70 metres.

(2) Malo apansi ogwiritsiridwa ntchito a nyumba yoyang'anira siteshoniyo azikhala osachepera 12m², ndi kutalika kwa ≥4m ndi m'lifupi ≥3m. Pomwe zida zopitilira zinayi zayikidwa, 3m² yowonjezera idzaperekedwa pachida chilichonse chowonjezera. Kutalika koonekera bwino kwa siteshoniyo kudzakhala ≥2.8m, ndi mulingo wapansi wamkati ≥0m.

(3) Nyumbayi idzakhala ndi zoziziritsira mpweya ndi zotenthetsera kuti zisunge kutentha kwa 15-30 ° C ndi chinyezi ≤60%. Mpweya woziziritsa mpweya uyenera kukhala woyambitsanso zokha pakubwezeretsa mphamvu ndipo udzaphatikiza mafani otulutsa mpweya kapena mpweya wabwino.

(4) Kugawa magetsi mkati mwa nyumba ya siteshoni kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zenizeni za zida.

(5) Mipweya yotsimikizika yotsimikizika yamagulu angapo mkati mwa nthawi yovomerezeka idzaperekedwa.

(6) Nyumba yosungiramo siteshoniyo iyenera kukhala yotsekereza madzi, kuletsa chinyezi, kutchinjiriza kutentha, ndi njira zosungira kutentha; Kuteteza kuphulika kumafunika m'malo enaake.

(7) Mikhalidwe yolumikizirana yofunikira pakutumiza kwa data ya CEMS iyenera kutsimikiziridwa.
Zolozera: Katswiri Waumisiri Wakuwunika Kopitilira Kutuluka kwa Gasi wa Flue (SO₂, NOₓ, Particulates) kuchokera ku Fixed Pollution Sources

III. Tsatanetsatane wa Kumanga kwa Automated Monitoring Systems

(1) Malo Ochitira Zitsanzo

a) Akhale pamalo oimirira pomwe zowononga zimagawidwa mofanana, zoyikidwa pansi pa zida zowongolera ndi kumtunda kwa magawo owunikira;

b) Adzasankhidwa pazigawo zapaipi yoyima komanso m'malo omwe ali ndi vuto loyipa mkati mwa chitoliro;

c) Apewe kupindika kwa chitoliro ndi malo okhala ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi;
d) Kumene ma flue angapo aphatikizana kukhala ngalande yayikulu yotulutsa mpweya, malo ochitira zitsanzo aziyikidwa panjira yayikulu yotulutsa mpweya.

(2) Sampling Platforms

a) Mapulatifomu azitha kupezeka mosavuta. Pamalo okwera ≥2m, makwerero / Z-makwerero / masitepe ozungulira ayenera kuperekedwa (makwerero oyimirira ndi oletsedwa). Pamalo okwera ≥20m, nsanja zonyamulira zidzayikidwa. Makwerero adzakhala ≥0.9m m'lifupi ndi kupendekera ≤51 °, ndi kuponda m'lifupi ≥0.1m; mapulatifomu azikhala ≥2m m'litali ndi m'lifupi kapena kupitilira 1m kupitirira sampuli ya probe, okhala ndi zotchingira ≥1.5m kutalika ndi kunyamula katundu ≥300kg/m².

b) Mapulatifomu azipereka mpweya waukhondo, wowuma, wopanda mafuta komanso wopanda fumbi wopumira kumbuyo kwa 0.6-0.8MPa;

c) Mphamvu yamagetsi yachitetezo iyenera kuyikidwa ndi magetsi a 198-242V.

(3) Zitsanzo Madoko

a) Madoko otengera zitsanzo adzasungidwa kunsi kwa gawo lowunika la CEMS;

b) Madoko omata zitsanzo okhala ndi mavavu a zipata azigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mpweya wabwino kapena mpweya wapoizoni;

c) Madoko achitsanzo a zida aziyika 0.5-1.3m kuchokera papulatifomu, pomwe madoko ochitira zitsanzo azikhala 1.2-1.3m kutali. Mapulatifomu amitundu ingapo adzaperekedwa pomwe magawo angapo amafunikira.
Ndemanga: Katswiri Waumisiri Wamapangidwe Patsamba Pamalo a Fixed Pollution Source Automatic Monitoring (Suveillance) Systems

IV. Mfundo Zogwirira Ntchito za Automated Monitoring Systems

(1) Mkhalidwe Wogwirira Ntchito

a) Zida zonse zizikhalabe bwino ndikugwira ntchito bwino;

b) Malo otolera odzipereka adzaperekedwa kwa zakumwa zotayidwa kuchokera ku zida zowunikira (zotchedwa zinyalala zowopsa).

(2) Kutumiza kwa Data ndi Kusunga

a) Kutumiza deta kudzagwira ntchito moyenera;

b) Deta yochokera ku zida zowunikira, magawo otengera deta, ndi malo owunikira ziyenera kukhala zofananira;

c) Mbiri yakale idzasungidwa kwathunthu kwa chaka chimodzi.

(3) Ntchito, Kusamalira ndi Kuwongolera

Kutsata HJ75-2017 kudzatsimikizika:

a) Kuyang'ana kwanthawi zonse kudzachitika pakanthawi kochepa masiku asanu ndi awiri;

b) Zolemba zidzaphatikiza kutsekeka, kukonza zolakwika, zosinthidwa zogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi ntchito zowongolera.

(4) Kugwirizana kwa Data

Zomwe zikuchitika pakupanga, momwe malo opangira chithandizo amagwirira ntchito, komanso zowunikira zokha zizikhala zogwirizana.

(5) Ma Parameters Ogwira Ntchito

Idzagwirizana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pakuyezetsa kuvomereza, kusungitsa, komanso kuwunika kwaposachedwa kwambiri.

V. Zofunikira Zoyenera Kuchita ndi Kusamalira

(1) Bungwe Logwira Ntchito

a) Ayenera kutsata Njira Zoyendetsera Ntchito Zoyenereza Kupereka Layisensi ya Ntchito Zowongolera Kuwonongeka Kwachilengedwe;

b) Ayenera kukhala ndi ziyeneretso zogwirira ntchito poyang'anira magwero a kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe;

c) Ayenera kuchita ntchito ndi kukonza mkati mwa nthawi yoyenera monga momwe zafotokozedwera.

(2) Ziyeneretso za Anthu

Ogwira ntchito, okonza, ndi ogwira ntchito za labotale ayenera kuphunzitsidwa, kuyesedwa, ndikukhala ndi ziphaso zovomerezeka.

(3) Ziyeneretso za Zida

Malo owunikira okha adzakhala ndi zolemba zovomerezeka:

a) Lipoti lovomerezeka loyesa kuyenerera loperekedwa ndi Quality Supervision and Inspection Center for Environmental Monitoring Instruments pansi pa Unduna Woteteza Zachilengedwe;

b) Satifiketi yachitetezo cha chilengedwe;

c) Dzina lazida ndi chitsanzo ziyenera kufanana ndi satifiketi.

VI. Zochitika Zachilendo Zogwirira Ntchito Pazida Zoyang'anira Zokha

(1) Zosokoneza Zambiri

a) Kusowa kwa data kwa nthawi yayitali popanda zifukwa zomveka;

b) Deta imasinthasintha mosalekeza kuzungulira malire;

c) Kusinthasintha kwakung'ono kwanthawi yayitali kuzungulira mtengo wokhazikika;

d) Kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana mkati mwa 2% ya nthawi yoyezera;

e) Kupatuka kwa oyang'anira oyang'anira kupitilira mulingo wovomerezeka womwe wafotokozedwa mu HJ75;

f) Kusagwirizana pakati pa analyser, chida chopezera deta, ndi deta ya malo owunikira;

g) Kupatuka pakati pa analyzer ndi chida chopezera deta kuposa 1%;

h) Kupatuka pakati pa chida chopezera deta ndi malo owunikira kupitilira 1%;

i) Zomwe zimachitika pa data sizigwirizana momveka bwino ndi momwe zinthu zimapangidwira kapena ntchito yopangira chithandizo;

j) Kusiyanasiyana kwina kwa data kosamveka.

(2) Zosintha Zosintha za Parameter

a) Kuchulukirachulukira kosiyanasiyana koyezera;

b) Kulephera kusintha magawo kapena kulemba zosintha pamene kuwunika kukusintha;

c) Njira zosinthira deta zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi miyezo yadziko;

d) Zosintha zosajambulidwa za ma curve ma curve.

(3) Malo Osagwirizana ndi Malo

a) Kutsekeka kosaloleka kapena kuyimitsa;

b) Zosintha zomwe sizinalembedwe m'malo ogwirira ntchito;

c) Kusintha kwa hardware kapena mapulogalamu osajambulidwa.

VII. System Kusintha Management

(1) Mtundu, chitsanzo, malo, ndi kuchuluka kwa malo owonetsetsa okha ndi zipangizo zothandizira ziyenera kugwirizana ndi zolemba zovomerezeka, zolemba zolembera, ndi kubwereza kovomerezeka kwaposachedwa;

(2) Malo opangira zitsanzo ayenera kugwirizana ndi zolemba zovomerezeka, zolemba zolembera, ndi kuwunikira kwaposachedwa kwambiri.

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