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Malamulo a Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Aperekedwa: Kupanga Zinthu Zowunika Kuti Aziyang'anizana ndi Kuletsedwa kwa Moyo Wonse kuchokera ku Profession

2025-11-26

The Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Monitoring yalengezedwa posachedwa ndipo idzayamba kugwira ntchito pa 1 January 2026. Lamuloli, lomwe lili ndi zilembo za 6,211 m'mitu isanu ndi iwiri, limakhazikitsa ndondomeko yoyendetsera bwino komanso yokhwima kuti athetse mavuto omwe akhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali mkati mwa gawo loyang'anira zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe, kuwunikira komanso kufufuza kosawerengeka kwa deta.

Malamulowa samangofotokoza udindo wa onse omwe akukhudzidwa komanso amakhazikitsa njira yatsopano yosungira mafayilo ku bungwe lachitatu ndi ndondomeko yowunika ngongole, potero akupanga cholepheretsa champhamvu pakuchita chinyengo poyang'anira deta.

01 Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zisanu ndi chimodzi: Kukhazikitsa Ndondomeko Yatsopano Yoyang'anira Utsogoleri

 

Kulengezedwa kwa Ecological Environment Monitoring Regulations kumakwaniritsa kusiyana kwa malamulo mu gawo la China lowunikira zachilengedwe. Kuwunikanso zonse zomwe zalembedwa kukuwonetsa zazikulu zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe zingakhudze kwambiri machitidwe a mabungwe aboma, mabizinesi, ndi mabungwe omwe amayang'anira gulu lachitatu.

 

Kuwombana kokulirapo kwa machitidwe achinyengo ndi komwe kumawonekera kwambiri. Kuchokera pa kukhazikitsa ndondomeko zoyankhira ndi kulongosola matanthauzo a khalidwe mpaka kukhazikitsa ndondomeko ya zilango ziwiri, malamulowa amapanga njira yolimbana ndi chinyengo.

 

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira yolembetsera bungwe la chipani chachitatu ndi kawuniwunidwe ka zinthu zangongole zikuphatikiza nzeru zonse zoyang'anira kuchokera kugwero kupita ku ntchito. Pakadali pano, tsatanetsatane wa zofunikira zodziyang'anira okha komanso kutsindika kwa ntchito zowunikira zikuwonetsanso malire a udindo wamagulu onse.

 

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi zilango zokulirakulira za malamulowa poyang'anira zophwanya malamulo, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi malamulo ophwanya malamulo. Izi zikugogomezera malingaliro azamalamulo ogwiritsira ntchito malamulo okhwima kwambiri kuteteza chilengedwe.

02 Kuphwanya Molimba: Mitundu Isanu Yachinyengo Iwululidwa

 

Kuwona kwa deta yowunikira ndi njira yoyendetsera chilengedwe ndi chilengedwe. Malamulowa amatenga kaimidwe kosagwirizana ndi kusokonekera kwa deta, ndikumangirira khola lolimba kuchokera kumagawo angapo.

 

Mu General Provisions, Malamulowa amafunikira kuti maboma ang'onoang'ono m'magulu onse akhazikitse ndikuwongolera machitidwe ndi njira zogwirira ntchito zopewera ndi kulanga zabodza za data yowunikira zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe, kulimbikitsa chitetezo pamalo owongolera.

 

Malamulowa anena kuti maboma ang'onoang'ono, madipatimenti oyenerera, mabizinesi, ndi mabungwe sayenera kukakamiza mwachindunji kapena mosabisa mawu kuti zidziwitso zabodza ndi zabodza, kutero kuthetseratu kukakamiza kwakunja kwachinyengo.

 

Ponena za mabungwe oyang'anira gulu lachitatu, Ndime 32 ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mitundu isanu ya chinyengo:

Choyamba, kupereka malipoti owunika popanda kuwunika kwenikweni; chachiwiri, kusokoneza kapena kupanga zolemba zakale ndi deta; chachitatu, kusiya mwadala zinthu zowunikira kapena kusintha momwe amawunikira;

 

Chachinayi, kusinthanitsa zitsanzo zowunikira kapena kusintha malo opangira zitsanzo, nthawi, ndi zina, potero kusokoneza chilengedwe kapena zochitika; Chachisanu, kuchititsa kuti deta yowunikira ikhale yolakwika chifukwa cha ntchito yosadziwika bwino, kuwonongeka kwa zipangizo zowunikira, kapena kusintha kosavomerezeka kwa zipangizo zowunikira.

 

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa 'dongosolo la zilango ziwiri' kumabweretsa zotsatira zoyipa kwa iwo omwe amapanga deta. Mabungwe a chipani chachitatu amakumana ndi zilango kuphatikizapo chindapusa kuyambira 100,000 mpaka 500,000 yuan; pamilandu yayikulu, chindapusa cha 500,000 mpaka 2,000,000 yuan amaperekedwa limodzi ndi chiletso chopereka ntchito zowunikira.

 

Kuphatikiza apo, zilango zimaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi udindo komanso ogwira ntchito m'mabungwe, okhala ndi chindapusa kuyambira ¥10,000 mpaka ¥50,000 komanso kuletsa kwazaka zisanu kuchita nawo ntchito zowunikira; pa milandu yoopsa, chiletso cha zaka khumi chikugwira ntchito. Kumene milandu yaupandu imapangidwa, mlandu udzatsatiridwa, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti aletsedwe kwa moyo wawo wonse kuchita nawo ntchito zowunikira.

03 Njira Zatsopano: Njira Yopangira Magalimoto Awiri Pakusunga ndi Kuwunika Ngongole

 

Malamulowa amayambitsa njira zatsopano zoyendetsera ntchito pokhazikitsa njira yosungiramo maofesi a gulu lachitatu komanso kasamalidwe ka ngongole, ndikuyika maziko olimbikitsa kukulitsa miyezo yamakampani.

 

Mogwirizana ndi Ndime 28, opereka chithandizo chaukadaulo omwe akuchita ntchito zowunikira akuyenera kulembetsa ndi oyang'anira zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe, omwe ali ndi zofunikira, zida, luso laukadaulo, ogwira ntchito, ndi mphamvu zowongolera.

 

Mabungwe olembetsedwa akuyenera kupereka zolembedwa. Akuluakulu odziwa zachilengedwe ndi zachilengedwe adzawulula poyera mabungwe omwe adalembetsa, zomwe adalemba, komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito, ndikupereka zidziwitso zamafunso olembetsa kuti athandizire kuyang'anira anthu.

 

Nthawi yomweyo, malamulowa amalamula kuti pakhazikitsidwe kachitidwe kowunika momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera komanso chilengedwe. Kuphwanya malamulo ndi malamulo oyenera kudzalembedwa m'mafayilo angongole motsatira malamulo ndikuphatikizidwa mu National Credit Information Sharing Platform.

 

Akuluakulu odziwa bwino za chilengedwe ndi chilengedwe adzakhazikitsa kuyan'anila kwamagulu ndi magulu kutengera kukula, luso, ndi mbiri ya mabungwe omwe amayang'anira gulu lachitatu. Njira iyi ikufuna kutsogolera mabungwe kuti akwaniritse chitukuko chokulirapo, kukulitsa luso laukadaulo, komanso kulimbikitsa kudalirika kwa msika.

04 Kufotokozera momveka bwino za maudindo: mabizinesi ndi boma aliyense amakwaniritsa ntchito zake

 

Malamulowa amafotokoza momveka bwino malire pakati pa kuwunika kwa boma ndi kudziyang'anira mabizinesi, potero kumveketsa bwino udindo wamagulu onse.

 

Mabizinesi ndi mabungwe akuyenera kudziyang'anira okha kutulutsa kwa mpweya woipa ndi wowonjezera kutentha kuchokera pakupanga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito motsatira malamulo. Mfundo zazikuluzikulu zowunikira zidzakhazikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zowonera makanema monga zanenedwera, zolumikizana ndi netiweki ya aboma la chilengedwe.

 

Mabizinesi azichita kukonza, kuwongolera, ndi kuwongolera kwakanthawi kwa zida zowunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino. Zolakwika zilizonse pakusamutsa deta zodziwikiratu ziyenera kunenedwa, kufufuzidwa, ndi kukonza.

 

Kufunika kosunga zolemba zakale kwazaka zosachepera zisanu kumakhazikitsa njira yanthawi yayitali yotsatirira mayendedwe.

 

Madipatimenti aboma ndi oyenerera akuyenera kukwaniritsa ntchito zowunikira anthu modzipereka, kuphatikiza kuyang'anira momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira, kuyang'anira zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe, komanso kuyang'anira mwadzidzidzi pakagwa mwadzidzidzi zachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe.

 

Malamulowa amalamula kuti pakhale kuyang'anira bwino ndi kuyang'anira malo onse oyipitsa, ndikuwunika zotsatira zomwe zimapanga maziko operekera malingaliro, zofunikira, kapena kupanga zisankho ku mabungwe okhudzidwa kapena anthu.

 

Kuyang'anira kuyang'anira kumagwira ntchito ngati maziko ofunikira pakukakamira kwachilengedwe ndi chilengedwe. Monga momwe mphunzitsi sangadalire pakudziyesa yekha kuti adziwe momwe wophunzira amachitira, kuyang'anira kuyang'anira kumapanga 'mayeso osalemba mabuku' m'mabizinesi.

05 Dongosolo Lamalamulo Lolimba: Mlandu Wogwirizana wa Upandu, Wachiwembu ndi Woyang'anira

 

The Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Monitoring, mogwirizana ndi malamulo oyenera, amakhazikitsa malamulo okhwima.

 

Malamulowo amafotokoza zamilandu yolimba, pomwe Article 229 ya Criminal Law Amendment (XI), kuyambira pa Marichi 1, 2021, ikunena kumene kuti ogwira ntchito m'mabungwe omwe amayang'anira gulu lachitatu omwe amapereka mwadala zidziwitso zabodza kapena malipoti, ngati kuli koopsa, adzaweruzidwa kuti akhale m'ndende kwanthawi yayitali kapenanso kumangidwa zaka zisanu kapena zosapitilira zaka zisanu.

 

Kutanthauzira Pankhani Zingapo Zokhudza Kugwiritsa Ntchito Lamulo Pothana ndi Milandu Yowononga Chilengedwe, yomwe idaperekedwa limodzi ndi Khothi Lalikulu la Anthu ndi Supreme People's Procuratorate ndipo kuyambira pa 15 Ogasiti 2023, ikufotokozanso zomwe zikuyenera kuti akhale ndi mlandu.

 

Ngati phindu losaloledwa ndi lamulo limaposa RMB 300,000, kapena ngati munthu walandira zilango zoyang'anira kawiri kapena kupitilira zaka ziwiri chifukwa chopereka chidziwitso chabodza kapena malipoti ndipo wapalamula gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu, adzapatsidwa chilango chokhala m'ndende yanthawi yosapitilira zaka zisanu kapena kutsekeredwa m'ndende.

 

Mfundozi, mogwirizana ndi zolakwa za utsogoleri pansi pa Malamulowa, zimachulukitsa kwambiri mtengo wowunika zophwanya malamulo komanso zimalepheretsa anthu omwe angakhale olakwa.

 

Pamene 2026 ikuyandikira, maboma m'magawo onse, mabizinesi oyipitsa, ndi kuyang'anira opereka chithandizo ayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale kukonza kasamalidwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.

 

Kuyang’anira chilengedwe sikulinso kambuku wopanda mano; chinyengo chowunikira deta tsopano chidzakumana ndi zilango zazikulu kuphatikizapo kuletsedwa kwa moyo wonse kuntchito.

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