Sisitemu yo kugenzura CEMS ni uburyo bukomeza bwo gukurikirana ibyuka bihumanya bikoreshwa mu gupima, kwandika, no gutanga raporo ihumanya hamwe n’ibipimo byaturutse kuri gaze y’inganda ziva mu nganda, gaze ya flue, ibirindiro, cyangwa imiyoboro.
C.
Sisitemu yuzuye irenze gusesengura gaze. Yizewe CEMS Ibikoresho byo gukurikirana gaz mubisanzwe ikomatanya icyitegererezo cyangwa ibikoresho byo gupima ibikoresho, abasesengura, gushaka amakuru, imikorere ya kalibrasi, hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge.
CEMS igereranya iki?
CEMS igereranya Sisitemu yo gukurikirana ibyuka bihumanya.
Intego ya CEMS nugukomeza gupima kimwe cyangwa byinshi bigize flue-gaz cyangwa ibipimo bikora no gutanga amakuru yanditse mugihe. Bitewe nibisabwa, sisitemu irashobora gupima imyuka ihumanya, urugero rwa ogisijeni, umuvuduko wa gazi, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, ubushuhe, ububobere, ibintu byangiza, cyangwa igipimo cy’ibyuka bihumanya.
CEMS irashobora gufasha abashinzwe inganda kubafasha kumva uburyo imyuka ihumanya ihinduka hamwe nubwiza bwa lisansi, imiterere yumusaruro, imikorere yaka umuriro, imikorere yibikoresho byo kurwanya umwanda, nuburemere bwimikorere.
Sisitemu yo gukurikirana CEMS ipima iki?
Ibipimo byakurikiranwe biterwa nibikorwa byinganda, ubwoko bwa lisansi, sisitemu yo kurwanya umwanda, ibyangombwa bisabwa, namabwiriza yaho.
Ibipimo bisanzwe byo gupima CEMS birimo:
| Parameter | Intego isanzwe |
| SO₂ | Gukurikirana imyuka ihumanya ikirere |
| OYA | Gukurikirana imyuka ya azote |
| CO | Gushyigikira gukurikirana no gutwika imyuka |
| CO₂ | Gutunganya, gutwikwa, cyangwa kugenzura bijyanye na karubone |
| O₂ | Gukosora no kugenzura gutwikwa |
| HCl | Gukurikirana Acide-gazi mubisabwa byatoranijwe |
| HF | Gukurikirana ibijyanye na floride |
| NH₃ | Gukurikirana Amoniya-kunyerera muri sisitemu yo kugenzura |
| Sobanura ikibazo | Gukurikirana umukungugu cyangwa uduce-twinshi |
| Amahirwe | Gukurikirana ibintu bigaragara biranga umuyaga |
| Amazi ya gaz | Kubara imyuka ihumanya ikirere cyangwa igipimo |
| Ubushyuhe | Gushyigikira ibyerekeranye-kubara |
| Umuvuduko | Gushyigikira gukosora flue-gaz |
| Ubushuhe | Gushyigikira ibara- cyangwa ryumye-shingiro kubara |
Ntabwo buri CEMS ikurikirana buri kintu cyose. Iboneza rya nyuma rigomba kugenwa ninkomoko y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ibyanduye bihumanya, uko ibintu byifashe, uruhushya rw’ibidukikije, hamwe n’ibisabwa gutanga raporo.
Ibice byingenzi bigize ibikoresho byo gukurikirana gaz ya CEMS
Sisitemu yo gukurikirana CEMS mubisanzwe igizwe nibice byinshi byahujwe.
1
Sisitemu irashobora kwegeranya icyitegererezo cya gaze mumurongo cyangwa umuyoboro ukoresheje probe. Mu bindi bishushanyo, ibipimo bikorwa mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa imbere mu mugezi wa gaz-gaz udakuyemo icyitegererezo.
Uburyo bwiza buterwa nubushyuhe bwa gaze, ubukungugu bwumukungugu, ubushuhe, ibice byangirika, diameter ya stack, uburyo bwo kubungabunga, hamwe nuburyo bukenewe bwo gupima.
2. Umurongo w'icyitegererezo ushyushye
Kuri sisitemu ya CEMS ikuramo, umurongo ushyushye urashobora gutwara gaze ya flue kuva muri probe ikagera kubaministre yisesengura. Kugenzura ubushyuhe birashobora kuba ingenzi mugihe gaze irimo ubuhehere cyangwa ibice bishobora guhunika mbere yo kugera kubisesengura.
3. Icyitegererezo-sisitemu
Sisitemu-sample-sisitemu itegura gaze ya flue yakuwe kugirango isesengurwe. Ukurikije igishushanyo, irashobora gushiramo akayunguruzo, pompe, gukonjesha, ibikoresho bivanaho ubuhehere, kugenzura imigezi, hamwe nibice birinda.
Intego ni ugutanga icyitegererezo gihagarariye abasesengura mugihe urinda sisitemu umukungugu, kondegene, kwangirika, no kwanduza.
4. Abasesengura gaz
Abasesengura gazi bapima ibice byatoranijwe. Tekinoroji zitandukanye zirashobora gukoreshwa ukurikije gazi yagenewe, igipimo cyo gupima, ibyateganijwe neza, uko ibintu byifashe, nibisabwa kubungabunga.
5. Ikurikiranabikorwa, umukungugu, hamwe nubushakashatsi
Imishinga imwe isaba ibirenze gupima gaze. Ibikoresho byongeweho byo kugenzura birashobora gupima umuvuduko wa gazi, umuvuduko mwinshi, ibintu bito, cyangwa opacite.
Ibipimo birashobora kuba ingenzi kubara ibipimo byuka bihumanya ikirere cyangwa gusuzuma imikorere rusange.
6. Sisitemu yo gushaka amakuru no gukoresha sisitemu
Sisitemu yo gukusanya no gukoresha sisitemu ikusanya, itunganya, ibika, yerekana, na raporo ikurikirana amakuru.
Ukurikije umushinga, sisitemu irashobora gushyigikira:
- Kugenzura igihe-nyacyo
- Inzira zamateka
- Imikorere yo kumenyesha
- Kubika amakuru
- Itumanaho rya kure
- Raporo yubahirizwa
- Kwemeza amakuru
- Kwishyira hamwe
Imicungire yamakuru yizewe ningirakamaro kuko gukurikirana guhoraho bifite agaciro gusa mugihe amakuru yanditswe akurikiranwa, yumvikana, kandi arahari kugirango asubirwemo.
Nigute Sisitemu yo gukurikirana CEMS ikora?
Inzira isanzwe ikuramo CEMS ikurikira izi ntambwe:
- Umwuka wa flue ukusanywa kuva aho uhagarariye mumurongo cyangwa umuyoboro.
- Icyitegererezo kinyura muri probe na sample-transport.
- Gazi irayungurura kandi itunganijwe nkuko bisabwa na sisitemu.
- Abasesenguzi bapima ibice byatoranijwe.
- Ibikoresho byinyongera birashobora gupima ogisijeni, ubushuhe, umuvuduko, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, umukungugu, cyangwa ububobere.
- Sisitemu yamakuru ikusanya kandi igatunganya indangagaciro zapimwe.
- Ibisubizo birerekanwa, bibitswe, biteye ubwoba, cyangwa byoherejwe ukurikije ibisabwa n'umushinga.
Kuri sisitemu-in-sisitemu, gupima birashobora gukorwa muburyo butaziguye. Ibi birashobora kugabanya ibikenerwa byubwikorezi no gutondekanya ibintu, ariko ibikoresho bigomba kuba bikwiranye nubushyuhe, umukungugu, kunyeganyega, kwangirika, hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwo guhitamo.
Ubwoko bwa Sisitemu yo gukurikirana CEMS
CEMS ikuramo
Sisitemu ikuramo ikuraho icyitegererezo muri stack cyangwa umuyoboro hanyuma ikajyana muri kabili yisesengura.
Ubu buryo burashobora kuba bwiza mugihe icyitegererezo gikeneye conditioning mbere yisesengura cyangwa mugihe abasesengura bagomba gushyirwaho ahantu harinzwe.
CEMS ishyushye
Sisitemu ishyushye itunganya icyitegererezo hejuru yikime cyacyo mugihe cyo gutwara no gusesengura. Birashobora gukoreshwa mugihe ibice bitarimo amazi cyangwa ibishishwa byamazi bigomba gupimwa bitavanyeho umwuka wamazi.
CEMS
Sisitemu yo kuvanga ivanga gazi nkeya ya flue numwuka mwiza, wumye mbere yo gusesengura. Ibi birashobora kugabanya ibyitegererezo-bisabwa mubisabwa byatoranijwe.
Muri CEMS
Sisitemu-in-sisitemu igapima neza mumurongo cyangwa umuyoboro. Ukurikije ikoranabuhanga, barashobora gukoresha optique, laser-ishingiye, kwambukiranya, cyangwa uburyo bwo gupima.
Guhitamo ibyiza biterwa nibikorwa, ibiranga gaze, ibice bigize intego, imiterere yo kwishyiriraho, hamwe nuburyo bwo kubungabunga.
Ni izihe nganda zikoresha CEMS?
Sisitemu yo gukurikirana CEMS ikoreshwa mubice byinshi byinganda, harimo:
- Amakara, gaze, biyomass, hamwe n’inganda zikoresha ingufu
- Amashyiga ya sima na lime
- Ibikoresho byuma nicyuma
- Gutunganya peteroli na gaze
- Ibimera bya peteroli
- Gukora imiti
- Gukora ibirahure
- Urusyo n'impapuro
- Gutwika amakomine kandi bishobora guteza akaga
- Amashanyarazi
- Ibikoresho byo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro no gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro
Buri soko ifite imiterere ya gaz-gaz itandukanye. CEMS yagenewe gutekesha gaze ya gaze isanzwe ntishobora kuba ikwiriye itanura rya sima yuzuye ivumbi, isafuriya yangiza-gutwika, cyangwa uburyo bwo gukora ibyuma byubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
Kuki CEMS ari ngombwa?
Sisitemu yo gukurikirana CEMS irashobora gutanga ubushishozi buhoraho bwo gukora ibizamini rimwe na rimwe bidashobora gutanga wenyine.
Inyungu z'ingenzi zirimo:
- Gukomeza gusohora-amakuru kugaragara
- Kumenyekanisha byihuse imikorere idasanzwe
- Inkunga yo gutanga raporo y'ibidukikije
- Isuzuma ryiza ryibikoresho byo kurwanya umwanda
- Kunoza gutwikwa no gusobanukirwa inzira
- Amakuru yamateka yo kugenzura no gusesengura
- Imenyekanisha ryimikorere kubintu byatoranijwe
- Inkunga yo gutegura gahunda yo kubungabunga
Nyamara, ubwiza bwamakuru ya CEMS biterwa nugushiraho neza, kalibrasi, kubungabunga, hamwe nuburyo bwo kwemeza amakuru. Sisitemu ibungabunzwe nabi irashobora kubyara ibyasomwe bidahwitse cyangwa bitaboneka.
Nigute wahitamo ibikoresho byo gukurikirana gaz ya CEMS
Mugihe uhitamo ibikoresho byo kugenzura ibicuruzwa bya CEMS, abaguzi bagomba gutanga amakuru yuzuye mbere yo guhitamo sisitemu.
Ibintu byingenzi byatoranijwe birimo:
- Inganda n’ibisohoka
- Ibyuka bihumanya nibisabwa
- Ubushyuhe bwa gaze n'umuvuduko
- Urwego rw'ubushuhe
- Kwibanda ku mukungugu
- Ibice bya gaze byangirika cyangwa byegeranye
- Ibipimo cyangwa umurongo
- Icyitegererezo-ingingo yo kugerwaho
- Ibipimo bisabwa
- Ibisabwa byukuri kandi biboneka
- Ibidukikije byaho bikenewe no gutanga raporo
- Porotokole y'itumanaho
- Kubungabunga ibikoresho hamwe nibikorwa byingirakamaro
- Ukeneye gusesengura inzu cyangwa abaminisitiri
- Calibration-gaze ibisabwa
- Ibidukikije byo kwishyiriraho nibihe byumutekano
Umusesenguzi uhendutse cyane ntabwo buri gihe igisubizo cyiza cyane CEMS igisubizo. Sisitemu ikwiranye, igihe, ibisabwa byo kubungabunga, ibikoresho byaboneka, hamwe nubwiza bwamakuru bigomba gusuzumwa.
Kugenzura, Kugenzura Ubuziranenge, no Kubungabunga
Calibration hamwe nubwishingizi bufite ireme nibice byingenzi byo gukurikirana ibyuka bihumanya.
CEMS irashobora gusaba igenzura risanzwe nka:
- Kugenzura Zeru
- Kugenzura
- Kugenzura-gazi
- Kugenzura umurongo
- Akayunguruzo
- Gukora iperereza no gutunganya-sisitemu
- Kugenzura ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe
- Isesengura kubungabunga ibidukikije
- Gusubiramo amakuru no kugenzura impuruza
Inzira zisabwa nintera biterwa nigishushanyo cya sisitemu, ikurikiranwa n’imyanda ihumanya, amategeko y’ibanze, hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa kurubuga.
Kuberako sisitemu ya gaz ishobora kuba irimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi, imyuka yangirika, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, imiyoboro ihanitse, hamwe n’inganda zifungiwemo, kwishyiriraho no gutanga serivisi bigomba gukorwa nabakozi bahuguwe muburyo bwumutekano wemewe.
CEMS vs Isesengura rya Gaz imwe
Isesengura rya gaze imwe irashobora gupima ibice bya gaze, ariko ntabwo ihita CEMS yuzuye.
Sisitemu yuzuye yo kugenzura CEMS muri rusange ikubiyemo ibikoresho bikenewe kugirango ubone icyitegererezo cyangwa ibipimo byerekana, gusesengura ibipimo bisabwa, gucunga kalibrasi, gukusanya amakuru, no gutanga inyandiko yizewe.
Kubikorwa bigamije kubahiriza, urwego rwuzuye rwo gukurikirana:
icyitegererezo cyicyitegererezo → icyitegererezo cyangwa gupima-→ gusesengura → kalibrasi → gushaka amakuru → gutanga raporo
Buri gice gishobora kugira ingaruka kumiterere yanyuma.
Umwanzuro
Sisitemu yo gukurikirana CEMS ni igisubizo gikomatanyije cyo guhora gupima no kwandika ibyuka bihumanya ikirere hamwe nibikorwa bijyanye.
Ibikoresho byo kugenzura ibicuruzwa bya CEMS birashobora kuba birimo iperereza, imirongo ishyushye, sisitemu yo gutondekanya icyitegererezo, isesengura rya gaze, imigezi cyangwa umukungugu, ibice bya kalibrasi, hamwe na software yo gushaka amakuru. Iboneza ryiza biterwa nibikorwa byinganda, ibyanduye bihumanya, imiterere yikurikiranabikorwa, ibisabwa byo gupimwa, hamwe n’amabwiriza akoreshwa.
Kubisubizo bya CEMS, sisitemu yo gusesengura flue-gazi, hamwe nubufasha bwihariye bwimishinga, nyamuneka hamagara Gazi ya Sinzen.
Ibibazo
Intego ya sisitemu ya CEMS niyihe?
Sisitemu ya CEMS idahwema gupima imyuka ihumanya ikirere hamwe nibipimo bikora kugirango ishyigikire ibidukikije, kugenzura ibikorwa, na raporo.
Ni izihe myuka CEMS ishobora gukurikirana?
Ukurikije iboneza, CEMS irashobora gukurikirana imyuka nka SO₂, NOx, CO, CO₂, O₂, HCl, HF, na NH₃, hamwe nibipimo nkimigezi, ubushuhe, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, opacite, nibintu bito.
Isesengura rya gaze ni kimwe na CEMS?
Ntabwo buri gihe. CEMS yuzuye ikubiyemo ibirenze gusesengura. Irashobora kandi gushiramo icyitegererezo, gutondeka, kalibrasi, gushaka amakuru, hamwe nibikorwa byo gutanga raporo.
Nigute nahitamo ibikoresho byo gukurikirana gaz ya CEMS?
Hitamo ukurikije inkomoko y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, ibyuka bihumanya bisabwa, ubushyuhe bwa gaze ya gazi, ubushuhe, umukungugu, ibice byangiza, ibisabwa muri raporo zaho, ibipimo bipima, uburyo bwo kubungabunga, nibisabwa byamakuru.
